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Humoral Immune Responses (IgE & IgG Classes) in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Angina Pectoris

Original Article

Humoral Immune Responses (IgE & IgG Classes) in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Angina Pectoris
 


ASM Giasuddin1*, Jamila M ElMahdawi1 and Fakhri M EIHassadi2

1Departments of laboratory Medicine, Al-Arab Medical University, Benghazi, Libya
2Internal Medicine, Al-Arab Medical University, Benghazi, Libya

*Corresponding author: ASM Giasuddin, Professor of Biochemistry & Immunology & Director, Medical Research Unit (MRU), MHWT, Plot- 4 Road-9 Sector-1, Uttara Model Town, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh, Tel: +880 1787657685, +880 1199132135; E-mail: asmgias@hotmail.com, mru.mhwt@gmail.com

Received: December 21, 2016; Accepted: February 07, 2017; Published: February 21, 2017

Abstract

Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine the pattern of changes in serum IgE and IgG levels and to evaluate their probable implications in the aetiopathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Patients & Methods: Thirty one AMI patients (age: 36-80 years; sex: 27 males, 4 females) were obtained from the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) at the seventh October Hospital and Jamahiriya Hospital, Benghazi, Libya. Eleven Angina Pectoris (AP) patients (age: 48-88 years; sex 6 males, 5 females) were included as a disease control. Twenty six healthy Libyans (age 38-82 years; sex: 16 males, 10 females) were taken as Normal Control (NC). Venous blood was collected as required for routine haemotalogical tests, biochemical investigations and serum total IgE and IgG analysis at the 1st day and 7th day of attack.

Results: Serum IgE level (GM±GSD, iu/ml) was significantly elevated in AMI compared to AP and NC at the 1st day (AMI1:102.0±3.2, AP1: 39.9±1.2, NC: 36.8±1.5; ANOVA: P=0.0001) as well as at the 7th day (AMI 7: 119.8±3.7, AP 7: 37.1±1.6, NC: 36.8±1.5; ANOVA: P=0.0000). No significant differences were observed for IgE levels between AP and NC and between AMI 1 and AMI 7 (P>0.05). Elevated serum IgE level in AMI was independent of risk factors such as Hypertension (HTN), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), Smoking (Sm), history Of Previous Coronary Artery Attack (H/OP CAA), complications and streptokinase therapy (P>0.1). Serum IgG level (Mean±SD, mg/dl) was significantly declined both in AMI and AP at the 1st day as well as 7th day as compared to NC (AMI1: 1033±314, AP1: 1056±320, NC: 1258±251, ANOVA: P=0.0144; AMI7: 936±383, AP 7:1042±318, NC: 1258±251, ANOVA; P=0.0002). No significant differences were observed between IgG levels in AMI1 and AP1 (P=0.833) and in AMI7 and AP7 (P=0.307). However, the decline in IgG level at the 7th day compared with 1st day was significant in AMI (P=0.014) and insignificant in AP (P=0.859). The IgG levels at the 1st and 7th day were significantly correlated in AMI patients (r=0.764, P=0.000) and also in AP patients (r=0.658, P=0.028).

Conclusion: AMI patients with high IgE levels might be protected against complications of infarction. The probable implications and mechanisms for raised serum IgE and decreased IgG levels in AMI were discussed accordingly.

Keywords

Acute myocardial infarction; Angina pectoris; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G

Citation: Giasuddin ASM, ElMahdawi JM, EIHassadi FM (2017) Humoral Immune Responses (IgE & IgG Classes) in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Angina Pectoris. J Immuno Immunothe 1: 001.

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